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Phitsanulok province

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Phitsanulok
พิษณุโลก
Province
From left to right, top to bottom : Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat, Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Namtok Chat Trakan National Park, Phitsanulok City Pillar Shrine, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Naresuan University
Flag of Phitsanulok
Flag
Official seal of Phitsanulok
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Mueang Song Khwae (Thai: เมืองสองแคว)
(City of two tributaries)
Motto(s): 
พระพุทธชินราชงามเลิศ ถิ่นกำเนิดพระนเรศวร สองฝั่งน่านล้วนเรือนแพ หวานฉ่ำแท้กล้วยตาก ถ้ำและน้ำตกหลากตระการตา
("Beautiful Phra Phuttha Chinnarat. Hometown of King Naresuan. Raft homes of the Nan River. Truly sweet dried bananas. Amazing caves and waterfalls.")
Map of Thailand highlighting Phitsanulok province
Map of Thailand highlighting Phitsanulok province
CountryThailand
CapitalPhitsanulok
Government
 • GovernorBhusit Somchit (since 2022)
Area
[1]
 • Total
10,589 km2 (4,088 sq mi)
 • RankRanked 15th
Population
 (2019)[2]
 • Total
865,247
 • RankRanked 28th
 • Density82/km2 (210/sq mi)
  • RankRanked 60th
Human Achievement Index
[3]
 • HAI (2022)0.6190 "low"
Ranked 67th
GDP
[4]
 • Totalbaht 93 billion
(US$3.2 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
65xxx
Calling code055
ISO 3166 codeTH-65
Vehicle registrationพิษณุโลก
Founded11th century
Websitewww.phitsanulok.go.th
Phitsanulok
พิษณุโลก
Province
From left to right, top to bottom : Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat, Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Namtok Chat Trakan National Park, Phitsanulok City Pillar Shrine, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Naresuan University
Flag of Phitsanulok
Flag
Official seal of Phitsanulok
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Mueang Song Khwae (Thai: เมืองสองแคว)
(City of two tributaries)
Motto(s): 
พระพุทธชินราชงามเลิศ ถิ่นกำเนิดพระนเรศวร สองฝั่งน่านล้วนเรือนแพ หวานฉ่ำแท้กล้วยตาก ถ้ำและน้ำตกหลากตระการตา
("Beautiful Phra Phuttha Chinnarat. Hometown of King Naresuan. Raft homes of the Nan River. Truly sweet dried bananas. Amazing caves and waterfalls.")
Map of Thailand highlighting Phitsanulok province
Map of Thailand highlighting Phitsanulok province
CountryThailand
CapitalPhitsanulok
Government
 • GovernorThawi Sermphakdeekul (since 2024)
Area
[1]
 • Total
10,589 km2 (4,088 sq mi)
 • RankRanked 15th
Population
 (2019)[2]
 • Total
865,247
 • RankRanked 28th
 • Density82/km2 (210/sq mi)
  • RankRanked 60th
Human Achievement Index
[3]
 • HAI (2022)0.6190 "low"
Ranked 67th
GDP
[4]
 • Totalbaht 93 billion
(US$3.2 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
65xxx
Calling code055
ISO 3166 codeTH-65
Vehicle registrationพิษณุโลก
Founded11th century
Websitewww.phitsanulok.go.th

Phitsanulok (Thai: พิษณุโลก, pronounced [pʰít.sā.nú.lôːk]; lit. 'Vishnu's heaven'), is a province of central Thailand.[a] It borders the provinces of Uttaradit to the north, Loei and Phetchabun to the east, Phichit to the south, Kamphaeng Phet to the southwest, and Sukhothai to the west. Its border was shared with Laos (Sainyabuli) to the northeast. Covering an area of 10,815 square kilometres (4,176 sq mi), Phitsanulok is the fifteenth-largest province in Thailand. As of 2023, it has a population of about 840,000, making it the eighth-most populous province in the region.

Settlement in what is now Phitsanulok began in the Stone Age, as many evidences have been found in the area indicative of the time period. Between 11th–12th century, the present-day Phitsanulok was location to ancient city-states of Thailand, such as Song Khwae, Nakhon Thai. From 13th century onward, Phitsanulok became a major city in Sukhothai and Ayutthaya Kingdom, even serving as the capital city of both. It retained strategic importance during the Thonburi and early Rattanakosin period. Following Monthon system was organized in 1897, Phitsanulok is the center of Monthon Phitsanulok, composed of various provinces in lower northern region.

With the convenience of transportation and has a long history, Phitsanulok is the center of the lower northern Thailand. It known for Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat, a Buddhist temple where locate famous gold-covered statue of the Buddha, Phra Phuttha Chinnarat (พระพุทธชินราช).

History

[edit]
Main article: History of Phitsanulok Province

The lands of present-day Phitsanulok province were inhabited since the Stone Age.

The earliest historical records relating to the area indicate that at a time prior to or during the 11th century, the present-day city of Phitsanulok was a small strategic known as Song Khwae (Thai: สองแคว). During the next century, in 1188, Nakhon Thai, near the center of the present Phitsanulok province, was established as the capital city of the Singhanavati Kingdom, an early city-state of Thailand.

Later, during Thailand's Sukhothai Period, the city of Phitsanulok emerged as a major city in the east of the Sukhothai Kingdom, and the great temples of Wat Chula Manee, Wat Aranyik and Wat Chedi Yod Thong were constructed. In 1357, the renowned Wat Phra Sri Rattana Mahathat was erected, and the Ayutthaya Period witnessed the construction of several of the province's other chief temples. Phitsanulok served for 25 years as the capital city of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. In 1555, King Naresuan the Great was born in Phitsanulok. Naresuan played a significant role in the history of Thailand, as he expanded the kingdom (then called Siam) to its greatest territorial extent by conquering sizable portions of modern-day Burma and Cambodia.

In recent times, Phitsanulok province has become an important agricultural center, part of the "bread basket of Thailand", providing rice and other crops to consumers in Thailand and throughout the world. Extensive agricultural development over the last hundred years or so has spawned a modern infrastructure in the urban areas of the province, bringing with it an array of modern roads, universities, hospitals and other conveniences. Over the years, the Nan River and its tributaries have played a substantial role in the history and development of the region by providing a route for transportation, fertile soil for agriculture, and water for irrigation. The river waters have also served as a route for enemy invaders, and have been the source of periodic widespread flooding throughout the province.

Symbols

[edit]
Phra Phuttha Chinnarat
  • The provincial seal depicts Phra Phuttha Chinnarat, considered one of the most beautiful Buddha figures in Thailand.
  • The provincial flag is purple with the provincial seal in the middle of the flag.
  • The provincial tree is the tree jasmine, Thai dok phip ดอกปีบ or kasalong กาสะลอง.
  • The provincial flower is the yellow flame tree, Thai dok nonthri ดอกนนทรี.
  • The provincial animal is the Thai Bangkaew Dog, in Thai sunakh bangkaew สุนัขบางแก้ว.
  • The provincial aquatic animal is the Asian redtail catfish, in Thai pla kot kang ปลากดคัง.
  • The provincial mascot is the yellow white tail fighting cock, Thai kai lueng hang khao ไก่เหลืองหางขาว.
  • The provincial motto is, "Beautiful Phra Phuttha Chinnarat. Hometown of King Naresuan. Raft homes of the Nan River. Truly sweet dried bananas. Amazing caves and waterfalls."[7]

Geography

[edit]

Location

[edit]

Phitsanulok province, one of the provinces of Thailand in the lower northern region, is approximately 377 km (234 mi) north of Bangkok by road. The province is bordered to the north by Phichai District, Thong Saen Khan District and Nam Pat District of Uttaradit province and Lao People's Democratic Republic; to the east by Na Haeo District and Dan Sai District of Loei province, Khao Kho District and Wang Pong District of Phetchabun province; to the south by Wang Sai Phun District, Sak Lek District, Sam Ngam District and Mueang Phichit District of Phichit province; to the west by Lan Krabue District of Kamphaeng Phet province and Khiri Mat District and Kong Krailat District of Sukhothai province. Its area is 10,589 km2 (4,088 sq mi), or 6.16% of the area of northern Thailand and 2.05% of area in Thailand.[1]

Topography

[edit]
Main article: Topography of Phitsanulok Province

Climate

[edit]
Main article: Phitsanulok § Climate

National parks

[edit]
Thung Salaeng Luang National Park

There are five national parks, along with five other national parks, make up region 11 of Thailand's protected areas.

Wildlife sanctuaries

[edit]

There are two wildlife sanctuaries, along with four other wildlife sanctuaries, make up region 11 of Thailand's protected areas.

Religion

[edit]
Phra Phuttha Chinnarat

Buddhism

[edit]

As of 2019 the population of Phitsanulok was 95% Buddhist with some 328 Buddhist temples and 272 samnak song (houses of monks that are not officially registered) in the province.[11]

• Mueang Phitsanulok District has 83 temples and 26 samnak song, a few of the 83 temples are:
• Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat (royal temple with Buddha Chinnarat)
• Wat Chulamani (oldest standing temple in Phitsanulok province)
• Wat Aranyik (historic temple)
• Wat Chan Tawan Tok (with 60 meter high sala under construction)

The other eight districts have the following numbers of temples and samnak song:

• Nakhon Thai district: 14 temples and 46 samnak song
• Chat Trakan district:   7 temples and 26 samnak song
• Bang Rakam district: 47 temples and 52 samnak song
• Bang Krathum district: 33 temples and 12 samnak song
• Phrom Phiram district: 56 temples and 16 samnak song
• Wat Bot district: 21 temples and 19 samnak song
• Wang Thong district: 50 temples and 43 samnak song
• Noen Maprang district: 17 temples and 32 samnak song

Christian

[edit]

There are 50 Christian churches in Phitsanulok province.

• Mueang district: 11 churches
• Nakhon Thai district: 16 churches
• Chat Trakan district:   9 churches
• Bang Rakam district:   3 churches
• Bang Krathum:   1 church
• Phrom Phiram:   4 churches
• Wat Bot district:   1 church
• Wang Thong district:   2 churches
• Noen Maprang district:   3 churches

Muslim

[edit]

Muslims have their Masjid Abubak Pakistan mosque in Mueang Phitsanulok district.

Administrative divisions

[edit]
Main article: Phitsanulok provincial and local government

Phitsanulok province is divided into nine districts (amphoe). These are further subdivided into 93 subdistricts (tambon) and 1050 villages (muban).[12] As of 26 November 2019 for local government there are:[13] one Phitsanulok Provincial Administrative Organisation - PPOA (ongkan borihan suan changwat phitsanulok) and 26 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Phitsanulok has city (thesaban nakhon) status, Aranyik has town (thesaban mueang) status and 24 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 76 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

Districts, Phitsanulok province # Name Thai Population Tambon Muban
1 Mueang Phitsanulok เมืองพิษณุโลก 291,311 20 173
2 Nakhon Thai นครไทย 87,772 11 147
3 Chat Trakan ชาติตระการ 41,346 6 72
4 Bang Rakam บางระกำ 94,643 11 142
5 Bang Krathum บางกระทุ่ม 47,359 9 87
6 Phrom Phiram พรหมพิราม 86,103 12 123
7 Wat Bot วัดโบสถ์ 37,694 6 61
8 Wang Thong วังทอง 121,047 11 168
9 Noen Maprang เนินมะปราง 57,972 7 77

Demography

[edit]

Population

[edit]

The population of Phitsanulok province is 865,247, of which Mueang Phitsanulok district is the most populated with 291,311 people. Wang Thong district also has a population exceeding 100,000 people. The remaining seven districts have populations of 35,000 to 95,000, of which Wat Bot district is the least populated district with 37,694 people.[14]

Population 2019 census
District Population Area Population density
Data Proportion km2 mile2 Proportion per km2 per mile2
1 Mueang 291,311 33.7% 750.8 289.9 7.0% 388 1,005
2 Wang Thong 121,047 14.0% 1,687.1 651.4 15.6% 72 186
3 Bang Rakam 94,643 10.9% 936.0 361.4 8.6% 101 262
4 Nakhon Thai 87,772 10.1% 2,220.4 857.3 20.5% 40 102
5 Phrom Phiram 86,103 10.0% 832.7 321.5 7.7% 103 268
6 Noen Maprang 57,972 6.7% 1,029.6 397.5 9.5% 56 146
7 Bang Krathum 47,359 5.5% 447.0 172.6 4.1% 106 274
8 Chat Trakan 41,346 4.8% 1,586.1 612.4 14.7% 26 68
9 Wat Bot 37,694 4.3% 1,326.2 512.0 12.3% 28 74
  Total 865,247 100.0% 10,815.9 4,176.0 100.0% 80 207

The population density of Phitsanulok province is 80 people per square kilometer (207 people per mile2), of which Mueang Phitsanulok District has the highest density with 388 people per km2 (1,005 people per mile2) and Chat Trakan District the lowest density with 26 people per km2 (68 people per mile2)

Urban areas

[edit]

The urban population of Phitsanulok province is 274,802 (31.8%) There is one urban area, the city of Phitsanulok, with more than 150,000 inhabitants. The urban area around Bang Rakam has more than 30,000 people. There are also seven urban areas with 7,000 to 13,000 people. There are six urban areas with fewer than 5,500 people, of which Phrom Phiram is the smallest with about 1,100 people.[15]
See also: Phitsanulok Local Government

  Urban area District Municipality People
1 Phitsanulok Mueang Phitsanulok city   66,106
    Mueang Aranyik town   30,508
    Mueang Hua Ro   24,902
    Mueang Tha Thong   13,993
    Mueang Ban Khlong   13,562
    Mueang Phlai Chumphon     7,476
      Total 156,547
2 Bang Rakam Bang Rakam Bang Rakam M.M. 14,649
    Bang Rakam Phan Sao   6,143
    Bang Rakam Bueng Raman   4,390
    Bang Rakam Bang Rakam   4,337
    Bang Rakam Plak Raet   3,636
      Total 33,155
3 Noen Kum Bang Krathum Noen Kum 12,773
  Urban area District Municipality People
 4 Ban Yaeng Nakhon Thai Ban Yaeng 10,235
 5 Nakhon Thai Nakhon Thai Nakhon Thai   9,278
 6 Bang Krathum Bang Krathum Huai Kaeo   5,332
    Bang Krathum Sanam Khli   2,496
    Bang Krathum Bang Krathum   1,417
      Total   9,245
 7 Sai Yoi Noen Maprang Sai Yoi   8,636
 8 Wat Bot Wat Bot Wat Bot   8,078
 9 Ban Mung Noen Maprang Ban Mung   7,003
10 Pa Daeng Chat Trakan Pa Daeng   5,408
11 Wang Thong Wang Thong Wang Thong   4,626
12 Noen Maprang Noen Maprang Noen Maprang   3,478
13 Wong Khong Phrom Phiram Wong Khong   3,210
14 Ban Mai Mueang Ban Mai   1,987
15 Phrom Phiram Phrom Phiram Phrom Phiram   1,143

Municipal/non-municipal areas

[edit]

Of the total population of Phitsanulok province, 31.8% live in municipal areas. In Mueang Phitsanulok district, this is 54.4% of the people. Between 30% and 50% in three districts live in municipal areas. In two districts this is between 20–25%. Finally, it is less than 15% in three districts, with Wang Thong District having the lowest rate at 3.8%.[15]

District Population Municipal area Non-municipal area
Data Proportion Data Proportion
1 Mueang 291,311 158,534 54.4% 132,777 45.6%
2 Bang Krathum 47,359 22,018 46.5% 25,341 53.5%
3 Bang Rakam 94,643 33,155 35.0% 61,488 65.0%
4 Noen Maprang 57,972 19,117 33.0% 38,855 67.0%
5 Nakhon Thai 87,772 19,513 22.2% 68,259 77.8%
6 Wat Bot 37,694 8,078 21.4% 29,616 78.6%
7 Chat Trakan 41,346 5,408 13.1% 35,938 86.9%
8 Phrom Phiram 86,103 4,353 5.1% 81,750 94.9%
9 Wang Thong 121,047 4,626 3.8% 116,421 96.2%
  Total 865,247 274,802 31.8% 590,445 68.2%

Age structure

[edit]

At the beginning of the 21st century there are lower birth rates. There are more men then women up to 40 years, suggesting that slightly more boys than girls born each year. Above 40 years of age there are more women then men, which reflects the higher life expectancy of women.[16]

Age structure
Male Years Female Subtotal
9,196 80+ 14,088 23,284
7,542 75-79 10,241 17,783
12,018 70-74 14,939 26,957
18,386 65-69 22,239 40,625
23,900 60-64 27,261 51,161
30,716 55-59 34,752 65,468
32,509 50-54 36,404 68,913
32,215 45-49 34,476 66,691
32,044 40-44 32,936 64,980
Age structure
Male Years Female Subtotal
31,457 35-39 30,861 62,318
28,620 30-34 27,816 56,436
30,515 25-29 28,804 59,319
33,380 20-24 30,330 63,710
25,966 15-19 26,930 52,896
24,569 10-14 23,189 47,758
23,435 5-9 22,127 45,562
19,555 0-4 18,550 38,105
423,304 Total 441,943 865,247

Economy

[edit]

In 2018, Phitsanulok province had an economic output of 100.286 billion baht (US$3.235 billion). This amounts to per capita gross provincial product (GPP) of 111,872 baht (US$3,609).[17] The total workforce was 476,004 of which 199,292 (41.9%) were employed in agriculture and fishing and 276,712 (58.1%) were employed in non-agriculture.[18]

Gross Provincial Product (GPP)
  Activities Baht Percent
1 Agriculture 28,029,000,0000 28.0
2 Trade 13,897,000,000 13.9
3 Education 11,550,000,000 11.5
4 Defence + public admin. 9,978,000,000 10.0
5 Manufacturing 9,210,000,000 9.2
6 Financial 6,653,000,000 6.6
7 Construction 4,773,000,000 4.8
8 Real estate 4,224,000,000 4.2
9 Human health 4,068,000,000 4.0
10 Energy 2,261,000,000 2.3
11 Transportation 1,665,000,000 1.6
12 Hotel / restaurant 1,025,000,000 1.0
13 Informatica 749,000,000 0.7
14 Other service activities 692,000,000 0.7
15 Administration 623,000,000 0.6
16 Scientific activities 379,000,000 0.4
17 Pastime 339,000,000 0.3
18 Mining 171,000,000 0.2
  Total 100,286,000,000 100
Employed persons
  Activities Workforce Percent
1 Agriculture 199,292 41.9
2 Trade 62,685 13.2
3 Manufacturing 40,303 8.5
4 Construction 39,361 8.3
5 Hotel / restaurant 37,255 7.8
6 Defence + public admin. 24,918 5.2
7 Education 13,645 2.9
8 Other service activities 12,774 2.7
9 Human health 9,116 1.9
10 Transportation 7,783 1.6
11 Financial 5,895 1.3
12 Administration 5,805 1.2
13 Scientific activities 3,593 0.8
14 Energy 3,446 0.7
15 Pastime 3,289 0.7
16 Mining 2,659 0.6
17 Informatica 2,463 0.5
18 Real estate 1,722 0.4
  Total 476,004 100

Agriculture

[edit]

Agricultural land use, 4,893 km2 (1,889 sq mi) is 45.2% of total land of Phitsanulok province 10,816 km2 (4,176 sq mi). This is divided as follows: paddy land: 2,846 km2 (1,099 sq mi) 58.2%, upland rice: 1,162 km2 (449 sq mi) 23.7%, orchard and perennial crop: 554 km2 (214 sq mi) 11.3%, vegetable and ornamental plant: 24 km2 (9.3 sq mi) 0.5% and farmland: 307 km2 (119 sq mi) 6.3%.[19]: 103 

Agriculture in Phitsanulok province, the biggest sector of the economy, generated 28.029 billion baht (US$904 million) or 28% of GPP with a workforce of 199,292 (41.9% of all employed persons).

Production of the four main crops: sugarcane 1,620,173 tonnes; rice 1,284,164 tonnes; cassava 529,467 tonnes; and maize 255,898 tonnes.[19]: 108 

Of the 54 sorts of vegetable crops, the twelve with the highest yield are: watermelon 6,452 tonnes; Chinese cabbage 3,671 tonnes; cabbage 2,332 tonnes; cucumber 1,495 tonnes; pumpkin 1,005 tonnes; bell pepper 983 tonnes; bird pepper 980 tonnes; ginger 892 tonnes; sweet corn 509 tonnes; bitter gourd 357 tonnes; lemon grass 283 tonnesand melon 236 tonnes.[19]: 109 

Agricultural commodities produced in significant amounts include: pineapple 111,212 tonnes; para rubber 40,800 tonnes; mango 65,960 tonnesand banana (kluai numwa) 15,673 tonnes. Further there are: lime 2,147 tonnes; longan 1,436 tonnes; sweet banana 1,275 tonnes; tamarind 1,245 tonnes; pomelo 1,083 tonnes; rambutan 961 tonnes; sweet tamarind 900 tonnes; Indian mulberry 801 tonnes; marionberry 686 tonnes; plum mango 538 tonnesand jackfruit 340 tonnes.[19]: 110 

Animal husbandry

[edit]

Livestock produced included: cattle 48,100; chickens 2,809,362; ducks 642,182; swine 146,911; buffalo 16,022; goats 8,062; and geese 1,692.[19]: 111 

Fisheries

[edit]

Total catch from freshwater aquaculture was 12,169 tonnes: Wang Thong 3,650 tonnes; Bang Rakam 2,412 tonnes; Wat Bot 1,541 tonnes; Mueang Phitsanulok 1,144 tonnes; Nakhon Thai 1,007 tonnes; Phrom Phiram 990 tonnes; Noen Maprang 696 tonnes; Chat Trakan 566 tonnes; and Bang Krathum 159 tonnes.[19]: 113 

Trade

[edit]

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, the second sector of the economy generated 1.897 billion baht (US$448 million) or 13.2% of GPP with a workforce of 62,685 (13.2%).

Hotel and restaurant

[edit]

Hotels and restaurants contributed 1.025 billion baht (US$33 million) or one percent of GPP, with a workforce numbering 37,255 (7.8%).

Education

[edit]

Phitsanulok province is the educational center of the lower northern region. There are many educational institutions at all levels, from kindergarten to university level, both government and private.[20]

Higher education

[edit]

There are six higher education institutes in the province with 38,553 students:

Vocational education

[edit]
  • Total seven vocational colleges with 11,023 students.

Secondary education

[edit]
  • Total   41 upper secondary schools with 15,982 students.
  • Total 164 lower  secondary schools with 26,939 students.

Primary education

[edit]
  • Total 256 primary schools with 52,508 pupils.

Healthcare

[edit]

Government hospitals

[edit]

There are thirteen government hospitals in Phitsanulok province with total 2,000 beds, of which Mueang Phitsanulok District has four hospitals:[21]

The other eight districts each have a hospital, Wang Thong District has two hospitals as an exception.

Private hospitals

[edit]

Five private hospitals are in Mueang Phitsanulok District with 400 beds:

  • Bangkok Hospital Phitsanulok.[6]
  • Phitsanulok Hospital.[7]
  • Pitsanuvej Hospital.[8]
  • Ruamphaet Hospital.
  • Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Hospital.

Health promoting hospitals

[edit]

There are total 147 health promoting hospitals, of which:

  • 24 in Mueang Phitsanulok District
  • 20 in Nakhon Thai District
  • 12 in Chat Trakan District
  • 20 in Bang Rakam District
  • 13 in Bang Krathum District
  • 19 in Phrom Phiram District
  •   9 in Wat Bot District
  • 19 in Wang Thong District
  • 11 in Noen Maprang District

Clinics

[edit]

Around 412 clinics are in Phitsanulok province, of which 280 clinics (68%) in Mueang Phitsanulok province, 17 in Nakhon Thai, six in Chat Trakan, 17 in Bang Rakam, 12 in Bang Krathum, 29 in Phrom Phiram, 13 in Wat Bot, 25 in Wang Thong and 13 in Noen Maprang Districts.

Transport

[edit]

Roads

[edit]

There are five major roads in the province.

They are all connected by Phitsanulok outer ring road 126 with viaducts.
East–West Economic Corridor (EWEC) is a transportation link along Myanmar–Thailand–Laos–Vietnam:
Mawlamyine (Moulmein)–Myawaddy/Mae Sot–Phitsanulok–Khon Kaen–Mukdahan/Savannakhet–Dong Ha–Da Nang.

Motor vehicles

[edit]

Autocars and motorcycles

[edit]

Registered in 2019 under the "Motor Car Act":[22]

Autocars Numbers
Sedan 93,742
Van & pick-up 62,037
Microbus & passenger van 2,467
Urban taxi 173
Total 158,419
Motorcycles Numbers
Motorcycle 180,944
Public motorcycle 181
Motortricycle taxi (tuk tuk) 93
Motortricycle 6
Total 181,224

Buses and trucks

[edit]

Registered in 2019 under the "Land Transport Act":[23]

Buses Numbers
Non-fixed route bus 372
Fixed route bus 273
Private bus 19
Total 664
Trucks Numbers
Private truck 8,179
Non-fixed route truck 1,872
Total 10,051

Buses provide the mass transport throughout the province. Phitsanulok is connected from three bus terminals with Bangkok and the cities of the provinces of northern Thailand (except Mae Hong Son) and upper northeastern Thailand by daily and nightly, direct bus routes. All of these bus routes are provided by eight bus companies:

  • Sombat Tour.[9]
  • Phet Prasert.[10]
  • Esan Tour.
  • Wintour.[11]
  • Kingdom Tour.
  • Nakhonchai Air.[12]
  • Yanyon Tour.
  • Budsarakam Tour.[13]

Phet Prasert operates also direct bus lines to eastern Thailand (Pattaya and Chantaburi).
Direct bus lines to southern Thailand (Phuket, Ko Samui, Phang Nga, Hat Yai and Surat Thani) are provided by Piya Chai Patthana.[14]

Airlines

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Phitsanulok airport in 2019 handles 689,392 passengers, 5,661 flights and 150,980 kilograms (332,850 lb) of cargo.[24][25]

Phitsanulok Airport gate
Check-in Phitsanulok airport
Phitsanulok air transport
Year Aircraft movements Passengers Freight (kgs)
2019 5,661 689,392 150,980
2018 5,314 672,084 143,595
2017 5,398 600,093 457,237
2016 4,079 492,117 1,096,365
2015 5,076 549,951 944,013
2014 5,243 475,587 254,702
Airlines Destinations
Nok Air Bangkok–Don Mueang
Thai Air Asia Bangkok–Don Mueang
Thai Lion Air Bangkok–Don Mueang

Railway

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Public rail transport

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Phitsanulok railway station

Phitsanulok city has Phitsanulok railway station on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand.
Intercity service runs from Hua Lamphong railway station of Bangkok - Ayutthaya - Nakhon Sawan - Phitsanulok - Lampang - Chiang Mai.[26]
Commuter rail runs along the Northern Line.
In the year 2019, all tickets sold were 528,819.
204 first class one way tickets were sold.
Second class tickets were also sold for one way for a total of 85,374 (16.1%).
Third class tickets sold totaled 443,445 (83.9%).
One way third class tickets totaled 393,958 (74.5%).
Roundtrip third class tickets totaled 9,389 (1.8%).
Commuter third class tickets totaled 40,098 (7.6%).

Railway station District of Phitsanulok Subtotal Second class Third class
tickets One way One way Roundtrip Commuter Subtotal
Ban Bung Phrom Phiram 7,305   3,944 144 3,217 7,305
Nong Tom Phrom Phiram 36,336 5,532 27,228 199 3,377 30,804
Phrom Phiram Phrom Phiram 19,208 955 15,107 76 3,070 18,253
Khwae Noi Mueang 2,462   1,652 313 497 2,462
Ban Tum Mueang 282   246 36   282
Ban Teng Nam Mueang 7,303   5,657 80 1,566 7,303
Phitsanulok Mueang 395,840 77,155 292,338 5,602 20,745 318,685
Bueng Phra Mueang 2,016   1,954 38 24 2,016
Ban Mai Mueang 13,356 144 10,292 920 2,000 13,212
Mae Thiap Bang Krathum 4,490   3,091 264 1,135 4,490
Bang Krathum Bang Krathum 40,221 1,588 32,449 1,717 4,467 38,633
Total All tickets 528,819 85,374 393,958 9,389 40,098 443,445

Freight rail transport

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Quantity goods carried (Ton)
Station District Subtotal Carload Package
Nong Tom Phrom Phiram 42.48   42.48
Phrom Phiram Phrom Phiram 24.28   24.28
Phitsanulok Mueang 869.18 406.00 463.18
Bueng Phra Mueang 866,931.10 866,931.10  
Ban Mai Mueang 13.23   13.23
Mae Thiap Bang Krathum 0.84   0.84
Bang Krathum Bang Krathum 124.18   124.18
Total Freight 868,005.29 867,337.10 668.19

A small portion of all freight in Phitsanulok province is transported by rail.

PTT Public Company Limited operates a crude oil depot adjacent to Bueng Phra railway station. SRT runs several oil freight services from this railway station to Mae Nam railway station in Chong Nonsi Subdistrict, Yan Nawa District, Bangkok.[27]

Tourism

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There were 6,403 hotel rooms in 2018; about 3,304,883 people of which 3,088,811 Thai (93.5%) and 216,072 foreigners (6.5%) visited Phitsanulok province and contributed 8.33 billion baht (US$268 million) to tourism revenues. Further explained: 1,999,391 tourists of which 1,838,692 Thai and 216,072 foreigners; 1,305,492 excursionists of which 1,205,119 Thai and 55,373 foreigners. Compared to the two previous years 2016 and 2017, the number of people increased by 6.3 and 5.4% respectively.[28]

Infrastructure

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Communications

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As of 2018 there were 304,425 households, of which 6,726 (2.2%) used fixed telephones, 66,149 (21.7%) used computers without internet connection and 209,090 (68.7) used computers with internet connection.[29]: 153 
As of 2018 there were 835,814 people aged six years and older, of which 227,325 (27.2%) used computers, 454,569 (54.4%) used the internet and 744,576 (89.1%) used mobile phones.[29]: 152 

Electricity

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In 2019, of the 347,266 households in Phitsanulok province 85.7% were connected to the electricity grid. All households of Bang Krathum District were connected, but for Noen Maprang District this was 69.9%.[30]

Waterworks

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Provincial Waterworks Authority (PWA) supplied tap water to 63,077 households of Phitsanulok province or 18.5%.

Mueang Phitsanulok District has 42,267 households (30.5%) connected to the water grid. Noen Maprang District has 526 households (2.4%) connected to the water grid.[31] Almost every residential area has its own water tower connected to a drilled water source.

Human achievement index 2022

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Health Education Employment Income
57 36 51 21
Housing Family Transport Participation
25 75 57 57
Province Phitsanulok, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6190 is "low", occupies place 67 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]

Rank Classification
  1 - 13 "high"
14 - 29 "somewhat high"
30 - 45 "average"
46 - 61 "somewhat low"
62 - 77 "low"

See also

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Thai Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Notes

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  1. ^ According to Royal Society of Thailand, Phitsanulok is categorized into central Thailand. But some officials such as Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council[5] or Tourism Authority of Thailand category it into lower northern region.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  2. ^ a b รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2562 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
  3. ^ a b c "ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)" [Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai). Retrieved 12 March 2024, page 51{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ^ a b "Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition". <>. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). July 2019. ISSN 1686-0799. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  5. ^ "การแบ่งภูมิภาคทางภูมิศาสตร์". สำนักงานราชบัณฑิตยสภา.
  6. ^ "amazing THAILAND : แบ่งตามภูมิภาค". การท่องเที่ยวแห่งประเทศไทย.
  7. ^ "คำขวัญพิษณุโลก" [Phitsanulok motto]. Mthai (in Thai). 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  8. ^ a b c d "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  9. ^ "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ (เตรียมการ) 22 แห่ง" [Information of 22 National Parks Areas (Preparation)]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  10. ^ a b "ตาราง 5 พื้นที่เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่า พ.ศ. 2562" [Table 5 Wildlife Sanctuary Areas in 2019] (PDF). Department of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Plant Conservation (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  11. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 51. ISSN 1905-8314, In the 2018 yearbook, the figures for temples (352) and for samnak song (247) are incorrectly added together (600) as being the figures for temples.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  12. ^ "สถิติทางการทะเบียน" [Registration statistics]. bora.dopa.go.th. Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA). December 2019. Retrieved 22 September 2020. Download จำนวนประชากร ปี พ.ศ.2562 - Download population year 2019
  13. ^ "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019. 36 Phitsanulok: 1 PAO, 1 City mun., 1 Town mun., 24 Subdistrict mun., 76 SAO.
  14. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 5, 9. ISSN 1905-8314.
  15. ^ a b Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 6–7. ISSN 1905-8314, the following municipalities are missing from the report: Hua Ro (30-09-2011), Tha Thong (24-08-2012), Ban Khlong (24-08-2012), Bang Rakam Mueang Mai (30-09-2011) and Huai Kaeo.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  16. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 69. ISSN 1905-8314.
  17. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Economic Statistics - National Accounts. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 98. ISSN 1905-8314.
  18. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Labour Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 24. ISSN 1905-8314.
  19. ^ a b c d e f Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Agriculture and Fishery Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. ISSN 1905-8314.
  20. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Education Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 33–45. ISSN 1905-8314.
  21. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Health Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 59–60. ISSN 1905-8314.
  22. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Statistics of Transport:2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 142. ISSN 1905-8314.
  23. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Statistics of Transport:2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 143. ISSN 1905-8314.
  24. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Statistics of Domestic Air Transport:2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 147. ISSN 1905-8314.
  25. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2561-2018: Statistics of Domestic Air Transport:2014-2018. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2019. ISSN 1905-8314, table=15.6{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  26. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Statistics of Railway Passengers:2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 144. ISSN 1905-8314.
  27. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Statistics of Railway Freight:2019. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 145. ISSN 1905-8314.
  28. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Tourism and Sports Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 157–158. ISSN 1905-8314.
  29. ^ a b Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Information Communication and Technology Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. ISSN 1905-8314.
  30. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Energy Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 127. ISSN 1905-8314.
  31. ^ Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Natural Resources and Environment Statistics. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. p. 185. ISSN 1905-8314.
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